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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___________ to ___________
Commission file number: 000-54389
GENIUS BRANDS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada20-4118216
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
190 N. Canon Drive, 4th FL
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 310-273-4222
______________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of Exchange where registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per shareGNUS
The Nasdaq Capital Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filero
Non-accelerated filer x
Smaller reporting companyx
Emerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
As of May 19, 2023, the registrant had 32,117,452 shares of common stock outstanding.



Table of Contents
GENIUS BRANDS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
FORM 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2023

Table of Contents
 
 
 
2

Table of Contents


PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

Genius Brands International, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and Cash Equivalents$4,765 $7,432 
Investments in Marketable Securities (amortized cost of $73,898)
69,650 83,706 
Accounts Receivable, net10,382 15,558 
Tax Credits Receivable, net23,523 26,255 
Notes and Accounts Receivable from Related Party2,896 2,844 
Other Receivable868 1,162 
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets2,188 2,568 
Total Current Assets114,272 139,525 
Noncurrent Assets:
Property and Equipment, net2,175 2,400 
Operating Lease Right of Use Assets, net8,300 8,506 
Finance Lease Right of Use Assets, net3,013 2,338 
Film and Television Costs, net7,909 7,780 
Investment in Your Family Entertainment AG15,660 16,247 
Intangible Assets, net24,562 29,167 
Goodwill20,520 31,807 
Other Assets149 148 
Total Assets$196,560 $237,918 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts Payable$5,602 $11,436 
Participations Payable2,591 2,965 
Accrued Expenses1,023 895 
Accrued Salaries and Wages2,854 2,484 
Deferred Revenue6,316 9,065 
Margin Loan48,894 60,810 
Production Facilities, net16,711 18,282 
Bank Indebtedness3,865 1,741 
Current Portion of Operating Lease Liability857 802 
Current Portion of Finance Lease Liability1,726 1,623 
Warrant Liability159 548 
Due To Related Party 2 
Other Current Liabilities161 255 
Total Current Liabilities90,759 110,908 
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Deferred Revenue3,369 3,369 
Operating Lease Liability, Net Current Portion7,844 8,095 
Finance Lease Liability, Net Current Portion1,600 1,020 
Deferred Tax Liability705 705 
Other Noncurrent Liabilities936 952 
Total Liabilities105,213 125,049 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 20)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred Stock Series A, $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
  
Preferred Stock Series B, $0.001 par value, 1 share authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
  
Common Stock, $0.001 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, 32,113,784 and 31,918,552 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
320 319 
Additional Paid in Capital763,327 762,418 
Treasury Stock at Cost, 46,333 and 42,633 shares of common stock as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
(299)(290)
Accumulated Deficit(666,205)(641,443)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss(7,555)(9,925)
Total Genius Brands International, Inc. Stockholders' Equity89,588 111,079 
Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries1,759 1,790 
Total Stockholders' Equity91,347 112,869 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$196,560 $237,918 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Genius Brands International, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Revenues:
Production Services$9,886 $ 
Content Distribution3,301 414 
Licensing & Royalties46 41 
Media Advisory & Advertising Services956 986 
Total Revenues14,189 1,441 
Operating Expenses:
Marketing and Sales245 160 
Direct Operating Costs11,285 344 
General and Administrative9,225 10,857 
Impairment of Property and Equipment120  
Impairment of Intangible Assets4,023  
Impairment of Goodwill11,287  
Total Operating Expenses36,185 11,361 
Loss from Operations(21,996)(9,920)
Interest Expense(1,085)(55)
Other Income (Expense), Net(1,712)5,413 
Loss Before Income Tax Expense(24,793)(4,562)
Income Tax Expense  
Net Loss(24,793)(4,562)
Net Loss Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests31 31 
Net Loss Attributable to Genius Brands International, Inc.$(24,762)$(4,531)
Net Loss per Share (Basic)$(0.77)$(0.15)
Net Loss per Share (Diluted)$(0.77)$(0.15)
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Basic)31,978,33530,377,925
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Diluted)31,978,33530,377,925
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Genius Brands International, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Net Loss$(24,793)$(4,562)
Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Losses) on Marketable Securities830 (3,500)
Realized Losses on Marketable Securities Reclassified from AOCI into Earnings1,537 79 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments3 37 
Total Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss2,370 (3,384)
Total Comprehensive Net Loss$(22,423)$(7,946)
Net Loss Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests31 31 
Total Comprehensive Net Loss Attributable to Genius Brands International, Inc.$(22,392)$(7,915)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Genius Brands International, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(in thousands, except share data)
Common StockPreferred StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalTreasury StockAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossNon-Controlling InterestTotal
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance, December 31, 202231,918,552$319 1$ $762,418 42,633 (290)$(641,443)$(9,925)$1,790 $112,869 
Issuance of Common Stock for Vested Restricted Stock Units, Net of Shares Withheld for Taxes78,0881 – (1)3,700 (9)– – – (9)
Fractional Shares Issued Upon Reverse Stock Split117,144– – – – – – – – 
Share Based Compensation– 910 – – – – – 910 
Unrealized Gain on Marketable Securities
– – – – – – 2,367 – 2,367 
Foreign Translation Adjustment– – – – – 3 – 3 
Net Loss
– – – – (24,762)– (31)(24,793)
Balance, March 31, 202332,113,784$320 1$ $763,327 46,333$(299)$(666,205)$(7,555)$1,759 $91,347 
Balance, December 31, 202130,337,914$303 $ $739,495 $ $(595,848)$(1,221)$1,924 $144,653 
Issuance of Common Stock for Services38,620– – 311 – – – – 311
Issuance of Common Stock for Vested Restricted Stock Units, Net of Shares Withheld for Taxes60,3661 – (1)– – – – 
Share Based Compensation– – 4,491 – – – – 4,491
Unrealized Loss on Marketable Securities– – – – – (3,421)– (3,421)
Foreign Translation Adjustment– – – – – 37 – 37
Net Loss– – – – (4,531)– (31)(4,562)
Balance, March 31, 202230,436,900$304 $ $744,296 $ $(600,379)$(4,605)$1,893 $141,509 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Genius Brands International, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net Loss$(24,793)$(4,562)
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities:
Amortization of Film and Television Costs236 200 
Depreciation and Amortization of Property, Equipment & Intangible Assets705 263 
Amortization of Right of Use Asset748 97 
Amortization of Premium on Marketable Securities169 276 
Share Based Compensation Expense910 4,491 
Impairment Loss of Intangible Assets4,023  
Impairment of Goodwill11,287  
Impairment of Property and Equipment120  
(Gain) Loss on Revaluation of Equity Investments in Your Family Entertainment AG895 (5,395)
Unrealized (Gain) Loss on Foreign Currency Transactions(308)192 
Gain on Warrant Revaluation(139)(41)
Realized Loss on Marketable Securities1,537 79 
Noncash Interest Expense1,044  
Stock Issued for Services 312 
Bad Debt Expense161 9 
Other Non-Cash Items2  
Decrease (Increase) in Operating Assets:
Accounts Receivable, net5,107 4,399 
Other Receivable294 295 
Tax Credits Earned (less capitalized)(4,597) 
Tax Credits Received, net7,237  
Film and Television Costs, net(365)(1,293)
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets379 (914)
Increase (Decrease) in Operating Liabilities:
Accounts Payable(5,838)(2,016)
Accrued Salaries & Wages370 49 
Accrued Expenses129 84 
Accrued Production Costs(94)(1,552)
Participations Payable(373)(114)
Deferred Revenue(2,749)(73)
Lease Liability(195)(98)
Interest Paid on Debt(636) 
Due To Related Party(2)(51)
Other Liabilities(21) 
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities(4,757)(5,363)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Cash Payment for Equity Investment in Your Family Entertainment (6,637)
Cash Payment for Ameba, net of Cash Acquired (3,893)
Loans to Related Party (52)(102)
Proceeds from Principal Collections on Marketable Securities460 1,910 
Proceeds from Sales and Maturities of Marketable Securities14,257 5,536 
Purchase of Property & Equipment(17)(61)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities14,648 (3,247)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from Margin Loan3,732 59,570 
Repayments of Margin Loan(15,648)(8,210)
(Repayments of)/Proceeds from Production Facilities, net(1,840) 
Proceeds from Bank Indebtedness, net2,030  
Repayments of Notes Payable (7)
Principal Payments on Finance Lease Obligations(535) 
Debt Issuance Costs(45) 
Shares Withheld for Taxes on Vested Restricted Shares(9) 
Payment for Warrant Put Option Exercise(250) 
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities(12,565)51,353 
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash7 8 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash(2,667)42,751 
Beginning Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash7,432 10,060 
Ending Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash$4,765 $52,811 
Schedule of Non-Cash Financing and Investing Activities
Leased Assets Obtained in Exchange for New Finance Lease Liabilities$1,216 $ 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Genius Brands International, Inc. And Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
March 31, 2023
Note 1: Organization and Business
Organization and Nature of Business

Genius Brands International, Inc. (“we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) is a global content and brand management company that creates, produces, licenses, and broadcasts timeless and educational, multimedia animated content for children. Led by experienced industry personnel, the Company distributes its content primarily on streaming platforms and television and license properties for a broad range of consumer products based on the Company’s characters. The Company is a “work for hire” producer for many of the streaming outlets and animated content intellectual property ("IP") holders. In the children’s media sector, the Company’s portfolio features “content with a purpose” for toddlers to tweens, providing enrichment as well as entertainment. With the exception of selected Wow Unlimited Media Inc. titles, the Company’s programs, along with licensed programs, are being broadcast in the United States on the Company’s wholly-owned advertisement supported video on demand (“AVOD”) service, its free ad supported TV ("FAST") channels and subscription video on demand (“SVOD”) outlets, Kartoon Channel! and Ameba. These streaming services are available on Apple TV, Apple iOS, Android TV, Android mobile, Amazon Prime, Amazon Fire, Tubi, Roku, Comcast, Cox, Dish/Sling, Xumo, Pluto, Samsung Smart TVs, LG Smart TVs, as well as YouTube, among other platforms. The Company's in-house owned and produced animated shows include Stan Lee’s Superhero Kindergarten starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, Llama Llama starring Jennifer Garner, Rainbow Rangers, KC Pop Quiz, and the upcoming Shaq’s Garage starring Shaquille O’Neal, scheduled to debut in the second quarter of 2023. The Company’s library titles include the award-winning Baby Genius, adventure comedy Thomas Edison’s Secret Lab®, and Warren Buffett’s Secret Millionaires Club, created with and starring iconic investor Warren Buffett, Team Zenko Go!, Reboot, Bee & PuppyCat: Lazy in Space and Castlevania.
The Company also licenses its programs to other services worldwide, in addition to the operation of its own channels, including but not limited to Netflix, HBO Max, Paramount+, Nickelodeon, and satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasters around the world.
Through the Company’s investments in Germany’s Your Family Entertainment (“YFE”), a publicly traded company on the Frankfurt Exchange (RTV-Frankfurt), it has gained access to one of the largest animation catalogues in Europe with over 50 titles consisting of over 1,600 episodes, and a global distribution network which currently covers over 60 territories worldwide.
Through the ownership of WOW Unlimited Media Inc. (“Wow”), the Company established an affiliate relationship with Mainframe Studios, which is one of the largest animation producers in the world. In addition, Wow owns Frederator Networks Inc. (“Frederator”) and its Channel Frederator Network, the largest animation focused multi-channel network on YouTube with over 2,500 channels.
The Company has rights to a select amount of valuable IP, included among them a controlling interest in Stan Lee Universe (“SLU”), through which it controls the name, likeness, signature, and all consumer product and IP rights to Stan Lee (the “Stan Lee Assets”).
The Company also owns Beacon Media Group ("Beacon"), the largest media buying service for children in North America. Beacon represents over 30 major toy companies, including Playmobile, Bandai Toys, Bazooka, Moose Toys, and JAKKS Pacific.
In addition, the Company owns the Canadian company Ameba Inc. (“Ameba”), which distributes SVOD service for kids, and has become the focal point of revenue growth for Genius Networks’ subscription offering.
The Company and its affiliates provide world class animation production studios, a catalogue representing thousands of hours of premium global content for children, a broadcast system for delivering that content and an in-house consumer products licensing infrastructure to fully exploit the content.

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Recent Developments
On February 6, 2023, the Company's board of directors approved a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock. The reverse stock split was effected on February 10, 2023 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time. At the effective time, every 10 issued and outstanding shares of the Company's common stock were converted into one share of common stock. Any fractional shares of common stock resulting from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the nearest whole post-split share and no shareholders received cash in lieu of fractional shares. The par value of each share of common stock remained unchanged. The reverse stock split proportionately reduced the number of shares of authorized common stock from 400,000,000 to 40,000,000 shares. The reverse stock split also applied to common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Company's outstanding warrants and stock options. The reverse stock split did not affect the authorized preferred stock of 10,000,001 shares. Unless noted, all references to shares of common stock and per share amounts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been retroactively adjusted to reflect a 1-for-10 reverse stock split.
Liquidity
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $4.8 million, which decreased by $2.7 million as compared to December 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to cash used in financing activities of $12.6 million, primarily due to the repayment of the margin loan, and $4.8 million used in operational activities. The cash used was offset by cash provided by the sales and maturities of marketable securities of $14.3 million.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company held available-for-sale marketable securities with a fair value of $69.7 million, which decreased by $14.1 million as compared to December 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to selling $11.4 million of securities, $2.9 million of securities maturing and additional prepayment proceeds of $0.5 million on principals for certain mortgage-backed securities during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was offset by the net decrease of $0.8 million in unrealized and realized loss activity. The available-for-sale securities consist principally of corporate and government debt securities and are also available as a source of liquidity.
The Company borrowed an additional $3.7 million from its investment margin account during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and repaid $16.3 million with cash received from sales and maturities of marketable securities. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the borrowed amounts were primarily used for operational costs. The interest rates for the borrowings fluctuate based on the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.65%. The weighted average interest rates were 0.89% and 1.66% on average margin loan balances of $46.2 million and $27.1 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company incurred interest expense on the loan of $0.7 million and $21,846 during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. The investment margin account borrowings do not mature but are collateralized by the marketable securities held by the same custodian and the custodian can issue a margin call at any time, effecting a payable on demand loan. Due to the call option, the margin loan is recorded as a current liability on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company's margin loan balance was $48.9 million and $60.8 million, respectively.
Historically, the Company has incurred net losses. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company reported net losses of $24.8 million and $4.5 million, respectively. The Company reported net cash used in operating activities of $4.8 million and $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $666.2 million and total stockholders’ equity of $91.3 million. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had current assets of $114.3 million, including cash and cash equivalents of $4.8 million and marketable securities of $69.7 million, and current liabilities of $90.8 million. The Company had working capital of $23.5 million as of March 31, 2023, compared to working capital of $28.6 million as of December 31, 2022.
Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”).
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments and reclassifications) necessary to state fairly the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations, Statements of Comprehensive Loss, Statements of Stockholders' Equity, and Statements of Cash Flows for all periods presented.
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Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.
Segments
The Company determines its operating segments on the same basis that it assesses performance and makes operating decisions. The Company principally operates in two distinct business segments: the Content Production & Distribution Segment, which produces and distributes children’s content, and the Media Advisory & Advertising Services Segment, which provides media and advertising services. These segments are reflective of how the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews operating results for the purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company has identified its Chief Executive Officer as the CODM. The segments are organized around the products and services provided to customers and represent the Company’s reportable segments.
The accounting policies for each segment are the same as for the Company as a whole. Refer to Note 22 for additional information.
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Genius Brands International, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company consolidates all majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities where the Company has been determined to be the primary beneficiary. The interests in a variable interest entity which the Company does not control are recorded as non-controlling interests. Non-consolidated investments are accounted for using the equity method or the fair value option and recorded at fair value with changes recognized within Other Income (Expense), net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for transactions that are classified as business combinations in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Boards’ (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Once a business is acquired, the Company allocates the fair value of the purchase consideration to the tangible assets, liabilities, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. As required, preliminary fair values are determined upon acquisition, with the final determination of the fair values being completed within the one-year measurement period from the date of acquisition. The valuation of acquired assets and assumed liabilities requires significant judgment and estimates, especially with respect to intangible assets. The valuation of intangible assets requires that the Company use valuation techniques such as the income approach. The income approach includes the use of a discounted cash flow model, which includes discounted cash flow scenarios and requires significant estimates such as future expected revenue, expenses, capital expenditures and other costs, and discount rates. The Company estimates the fair value based upon assumptions management believes to be reasonable, but are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Estimates associated with the accounting for acquisitions may change as additional information becomes available regarding the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Acquisition-related expenses and any related restructuring costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company holds an interest in Stan Lee University (“SLU”), an entity that is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The variable interest relates to 50% ownership in the entity that is comprised of the Stan Lee Assets and that requires additional financial support from the Company to continue operations. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary and is required to consolidate the VIE.
In evaluating whether the Company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, the Company considers the purpose for which the VIE was created, the importance of each of the activities in which it is engaged and the Company’s decision-making role, if any, in those activities that significantly determine the entity’s economic performance as compared to other economic interest holders. This evaluation requires consideration of all facts and circumstances relevant to decision-making that affects the entity’s future performance and the exercise of professional judgment in deciding which decision-making rights are most important.
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In determining whether the Company has the right to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses that could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company evaluates all of its economic interests in the entity, regardless of form (debt, equity, management and servicing fees, and other contractual arrangements). This evaluation considers all relevant factors of the entity’s design, including: the entity’s capital structure, contractual rights to earnings (losses), subordination of the Company’s interests relative to those of other investors, contingent payments, as well as other contractual arrangements that have the potential to be economically significant. The evaluation of each of these factors in reaching a conclusion about the potential significance of the Company’s economic interests is a matter that requires the exercise of professional judgment. The Company continuously assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity as changes to existing relationships or future transactions may result in the Company consolidating its collaborators or partners.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.
Foreign Currency
The Company considers the U.S. dollar ("USD") to be its functional currency for its United States and certain Canadian based operations. The Canadian dollar ("CAD") is the functional currency of its Wow entity. Accordingly, the financial information is translated from the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar for inclusion in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the period, and assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net in stockholders’ equity.
Foreign exchange transaction gains and losses are included in Other Income (Expense), Net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Wow, is exposed to fluctuations in various foreign currencies against its functional currency, the Canadian dollar. Wow uses foreign currency derivatives, specifically foreign currency forward contracts ("FX forwards"), to manage its exposure to fluctuations in the CAD-USD exchange rates. FX forwards involve fixing the foreign currency exchange rate for delivery of a specified amount of foreign currency on a specified date. The FX forwards are typically settled in CAD for their fair value at or close to their settlement date. The Company does not currently designate any of the FX forwards under hedge accounting and therefore reflects changes in fair value as unrealized gains or losses immediately in earnings as part of the revenue generated from the transactions hedged. The Company does not hold or use these instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Per FASB ASC 815-10-45, Derivatives and Hedging, the Company has elected an accounting policy to offset the fair value amounts recognized for eligible forward contract derivative instruments. Therefore, the Company presents the asset or liability position of the FX forwards that are with the same counterparty net as either an asset or liability in its condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As of March 31, 2023, the gross amount of FX forwards in an asset and liability position that were subject to a master netting arrangement was $14.9 million and $15.0 million, respectively, resulting in a liability recorded within Other Current Liabilities on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet of $0.1 million. The change in fair value of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was recorded as an unrealized gain within Production Services Revenue on the Company's condensed consolidated statement of operations. The Company did not hold FX forwards prior to the Wow Acquisition.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with initial maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $4.8 million and $7.4 million, respectively, that at times could exceed FDIC or CDIC limits.
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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivables are presented on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, net of estimated uncollectible amounts. The carrying amounts of trade accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable represent the maximum credit risk exposure of these assets. On a quarterly basis, in accordance with FASB ASC 326, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASC 326"), the Company evaluates the collectability of outstanding accounts receivable balances to determine an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects its best estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses. The allowance for credit loss is based on an assessment of past events, current economic conditions, and forecasts of future events. Individual uncollectible accounts are written off against the allowance when collection of the individual accounts appears doubtful. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $70,977 and $65,421, respectively.
The Company limits its exposure to this credit risk through a credit approval process and credit monitoring procedures. In addition, Wow’s contracts with customers usually require upfront and milestone payments throughout the production process. The Company’s customer base is mainly comprised of major Canadian, American, and worldwide studios, distributors, broadcasters, toy companies and AVOD and SVOD platforms that have been customers for several years.
Tax Credits Receivable
The Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”) and certain Provincial governments in Canada provide programs that are designed to assist film and television production in the form of refundable tax credits or other incentives.
Estimated amounts receivable in respect of refundable tax credits are recorded as an offset to the related production operating cost, or to investment in film and television costs when the conditions for eligibility of production assistance based on the government’s criteria are met, the qualifying expenditures are made and there is reasonable assurance of realization. Determination of when and if the conditions of eligibility have been met is based on management’s judgment, and the amount recognized is based on management’s estimates of qualifying expenditures. The ultimate collection of previously recorded estimates is subject to ordinary course audits from the CRA and Provincial agencies. Changes in administrative policies by the CRA or subsequent review of eligibility documentation may impact the collectability of these estimates. The Company continuously reviews the results of these audits to determine if any circumstances arise that in management’s judgment would result in a previously recognized amount to be considered no longer collectible.
The Company classifies the tax credits receivable as current based on their normal operating cycle. Government assistance, in the form of refundable tax credits, is relied upon as a key component of production financing. These amounts are claimed from the CRA through the submission of income tax returns and can take up to 18 to 24 months from the date of the first tax credit dollar being earned to being received. As this financing is fundamental to the Company’s ability to produce animated productions and generate revenue in the normal course of business, the normal operating cycle for such assets is considered to be a 12 to 24-month period, or the time it takes for the CRA to assess and refund the tax credits earned.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $23.5 million and $26.3 million in current tax credit receivables related to Wow’s film and television productions was recorded, net of $0.3 million and $0.2 million recorded as an allowance for doubtful accounts, respectively.
Marketable Debt Securities
The Company purchases high quality, investment grade securities from diverse issuers. Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. Currently, the Company classifies its investments in marketable securities as available-for-sale ("AFS") and records these investments at fair value. The securities are available to support current operations and, accordingly, the Company classifies the investments as current assets without regard to their contractual maturity.
Unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities for which the Company expects to fully recover the amortized cost basis are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses as a result of sales of securities are reclassified from previously unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews its AFS securities to assess declines in fair value for credit losses. For each AFS security with an amortized cost that exceeds its fair value, the Company first determines if it intends to sell or is more-likely-than-not required to sell the debt security before the expected recovery of its amortized cost. If it intends to sell or will more-likely-than-not be required to sell the security, the Company recognizes the impairment as a credit loss in the condensed consolidated statements of operations by writing down the security’s amortized cost to its fair value. For AFS securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss. The portion of the decline in fair value that is due to factors other than a credit loss is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as an unrealized loss.
The Company reports accrued interest receivable separately from the AFS securities and has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables. Uncollectible accrued interest is written off when the Company determines that no additional interest payments will be received. Classified within Other Receivables on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million in interest income was receivable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Interest earned on investment securities is reported in interest income, net of applicable adjustments for accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums accounted for over the life of the security or, in the case of callable securities, through the first call date, using the level yield method, with no prepayment anticipated.
Equity-Method Investments
When the Company does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. Significant influence generally exists when the firm owns 20% to 50% of the entity’s common stock or in-substance common stock.
In general, the Company accounts for investments acquired at fair value. See Note 5 for further information about the Company’s investment in YFE’s equity securities accounted for under the fair value option.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation on property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from two to seven years. Maintenance, repairs, and renewals, which neither materially add to the value of the assets nor appreciably prolong their lives, are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses from any dispositions of property and equipment are reflected in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Whenever events or circumstances change, an assessment is made as to whether there has been impairment to the value of long-lived assets by determining whether projected undiscounted cash flows generated by the applicable asset exceed its net book value as of the assessment date. The Company has performed an interim review of its long-lived assets due to decreases in the Company's market value during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Refer to Note 7 for details.
Right of Use Leased Assets
The Company determines at contract inception whether the arrangement is a lease based on its ability to control a physically distinct asset and determines the classification of the lease as either operating or finance under FASB ASC 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). For all leases, the Company combines all components of the lease including related nonlease components as a single component. Operating leases are reflected as Operating Lease Right of Use (“ROU”) Assets and Operating Lease Liabilities and finance leases are reflected as Finance Lease ROU assets and Finance Lease Liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate to reflect the profile of collateralized borrowing over the expected term of the leases based on the information available on the lease commencement date or for leases
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existing upon the date of initial adoption of ASC 842, the date of adoption. The implicit rates within the Company’s existing finance leases are determinable and therefore used to determine the present value of finance lease payments.
The operating lease ROU assets also include any lease payments made prior to lease commencement date and excludes lease incentives. Specific lease terms used in computing the ROU assets and lease liabilities may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise the option. The Company will reassess expected lease terms based on changes in circumstances that indicate options may be more or less likely to be exercised. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term within General and Administrative Expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Lease incentives are recognized as a reduction to the lease expense on a straight-line basis over the underlying lease term. Refer to Notes 8 and 20 for details of the Company's leases.
Film and Television Costs
The Company capitalizes production costs for episodic series produced in accordance with FASB ASC 926-20, Entertainment-Films - Other Assets - Film Costs. Accordingly, production costs are capitalized at actual cost and amortized using the individual-film-forecast method, whereby these costs are amortized, and participations costs are accrued based on the ratio of the current period’s revenues to management’s estimate of ultimate revenue expected to be recognized from each production.
Productions in Development
Capitalized development costs are reclassified to productions in progress once the project is approved and physical production of the film or television program commences. Development costs include the costs of acquiring film rights to books, scripts or original screenplays and the third-party costs to adapt such projects, including visual development and design. Advances or contributions received from third parties to assist in development are deducted from these costs.
Productions in Progress
For the Company’s film and television programs in progress, capitalized costs include all direct production and financing costs incurred during production that are expected to provide future economic benefit to the Company. Borrowing costs and depreciation are capitalized to the cost of a film or television program until substantially all of the activities necessary to prepare the film or television program for its use intended by management are complete.
Completed Productions
Completed productions are carried at the cost of proprietary film and television programs which have been produced by the Company or to which the Company has acquired distribution rights, less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.
Due to the inherent uncertainties involved in making such estimates of ultimate revenues and expenses, these estimates have differed in the past from actual results and are likely to differ to some extent in the future from actual results. In addition, in the normal course of business, some titles are more successful or less successful than anticipated. Management reviews the ultimate revenue and cost estimates on a title-by-title basis, when an event or change in circumstances indicates that the fair value of the production may be less than its unamortized cost. This may result in a change in the rate of amortization of film costs and participations and/or a write-down of all or a portion of the unamortized costs of the film or television production to its estimated fair value. An impairment charge is recorded in the amount by which the unamortized costs exceed the estimated fair value. These write-downs are included in amortization expense within Direct Operating Expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
All capitalized costs that exceed the initial market firm commitment revenue are expensed in the period of delivery of the episodes. Additionally, for episodic series, from time to time, the Company develops additional content, improved animation and bonus songs/features for its existing content. After the initial release of the episodic series, the costs of significant improvement to existing products are capitalized while routine and periodic alterations to existing products are expensed as incurred.
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Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for by the acquisition method. In accordance with FASB ASC 350, Intangibles Goodwill and Other, goodwill and certain intangible assets are presumed to have indefinite useful lives and are thus not amortized, but subject to an impairment test annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise. The Company completes the annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests at the end of each fiscal year. To test for goodwill impairment, the Company may elect to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit, of which the Company has two, is less than its carrying value. If impairment is indicated in the qualitative assessment, or, if management elects to initially perform a quantitative assessment of goodwill, the impairment test uses a one-step approach. The fair value of a reporting unit is compared with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge would be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Changes in future results, assumptions, and estimates after the measurement date may lead to an outcome where additional impairment charges would be required in future periods. Specifically, actual results may vary from the Company’s forecasts and such variations may be material and unfavorable, thereby triggering the need for future impairment tests where the conclusions may differ in reflection of prevailing market conditions. Further, continued adverse market conditions could result in the recognition of additional impairment if the Company determines that the fair values of its reporting units have fallen below their carrying values.
Intangible assets have been acquired, either individually or with a group of other assets, and were initially recognized and measured based on fair value. Annual amortization of these intangible assets is computed based on the straight-line method over the remaining economic life of the asset.
The Company has performed an interim review of its intangible assets and goodwill due to decreases in the Company's market value during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Refer to Note 10 for details.
Debt and Attached Equity-Linked Instruments
The Company measures issued debt on an amortized cost basis, net of debt premium/discount and debt issuance costs amortized using the effective interest rate method or the straight-line method when the latter does not lead to materially different results.
The Company analyzes freestanding equity-linked instruments including warrants attached to debt to determine whether the instrument meets the definition of the derivative and whether it is considered indexed to the Company’s own stock. If the instrument is not considered indexed to the Company’s stock, it is classified as an asset or liability recorded at fair value. If the instrument is considered indexed to the Company’s stock, the Company analyzes additional equity classification requirements per FASB ASC 815-40, Contract’s in Entity’s Own Equity. When the requirements are met, the instrument is recorded as part of the Company’s equity, initially measured based on its relative fair value with no subsequent re-measurement. When the equity classification requirements are not met, the instrument is recorded as an asset or liability and is measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in earnings.
When required, the Company also considers the bifurcation guidance for embedded derivatives per ASC 815-15, Embedded Derivatives.
Treasury stock
The Company records the repurchase of shares of its common stock at cost on the trade date of the transaction. These shares are considered treasury stock, which is a reduction to stockholders’ equity. Treasury stock is included in authorized and issued shares but excluded from outstanding shares.
Revenue Recognition
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The Company accounts for revenue according to standard FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).
Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of the products or services in a contract. Judgment is required in determining the timing of whether the transfer of control occurs at a point in time or over time and is discussed below. The Company evaluates each contract to identify separate performance obligations as a contract with a customer may have one or more performance obligations. Consideration in a contract with multiple performance obligations is allocated to the separate performance obligations based on their stand-alone selling prices. If a stand-alone selling price is not determinable, the Company estimates the stand-alone selling price using an adjusted market assessment approach. The Company’s main sources of revenue are derived from animation production services provided to third parties, the sale of licenses for the distribution of films and television programs, advertising revenues, and merchandising and licensing sales.
The Company has identified the following material and distinct performance obligations:

Provide animation production services.

License rights to exploit Functional Intellectual Property (“functional IP” is defined as intellectual property that has significant standalone functionality, such as the ability to be played or aired. Functional IP derives a substantial portion of its utility from its significant standalone functionality).

License rights to exploit Symbolic Intellectual Property (“symbolic IP” is intellectual property that is not functional as it does not have significant standalone use and substantially all of the utility of symbolic IP is derived from its association with the entity’s past or ongoing activities, including its ordinary business activities, such as the Company’s licensing and merchandising programs associated with its animated content).

Provide media and advertising services to clients.

Fixed and variable fee advertising and subscription-based revenue generated from the Genius Brands Kartoon Channel!, the Frederator owned and operated YouTube channels and revenues generated from the operation of its multi-channel network on YouTube.

Options to renew or extend a contract at fixed terms. (While this performance obligation is not significant for the Company’s current contracts, it could become significant in the future).

Options on future seasons of content at fixed terms. (While this performance obligation is not significant for the Company’s current contracts, it could become significant in the future).

Production Services

Animation Production Services
For revenue from animation production services, the customer controls the output throughout the production process. Each production is made to an individual customer’s specifications and if the contract is terminated by the customer, the Company is entitled to be reimbursed for any costs incurred to date, and for any prepaid commitments made, plus the agreed contractual mark-up. Revenue and the associated costs of such contracts are recognized over time on a percentage of completion basis - i.e., as the project is being produced, prior to it being delivered to the customer. The percentage-of-completion is calculated based upon the proportion of costs incurred cumulatively to total expected costs. Changes in revenue recognized as a result of adjustments to total expected costs are recognized in profit or loss on a prospective basis. Invoices related to these projects are issued based on the achievement of milestones during the project or other contractual terms. The difference between contractual payments received and revenue recognized is recorded as deferred revenue when receipts exceed revenue. When revenue exceeds milestone billings, the Company recognizes this difference as unbilled accounts receivable within other receivables on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet. Unbilled accounts receivables are transferred to accounts receivable when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration.
When the outcome of an arrangement cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognized only to the extent of the expenses incurred that are recoverable.
Content Distribution
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Film and Television Licensing
The Company recognizes revenue related to licensed rights to exploit functional IP in two ways; for minimum guarantees, the Company recognizes fixed revenue upon delivery of content and the start of the license period and for functional IP contracts with a variable component, the Company estimates revenue such that it is probable there will not be a material reversal of revenue in future periods. The Company recognizes revenue related to licensed rights to exploit symbolic IP substantially similarly to functional IP. Although it has a different recognition pattern from functional IP, the valuation method is substantially the same, depending on the nature of the license.
Invoices related to these projects are issued based on the achievement of milestones during the project or other contractual terms. The difference between contractual payments received and revenue recognized is recorded as deferred revenue when receipts exceed revenue. When revenue exceeds milestone billings, the Company recognizes this difference as unbilled accounts receivable within other receivables on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet. Unbilled accounts receivables are transferred to accounts receivable when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration.
Advertising revenues
The Company sells advertising and subscriptions on its wholly-owned AVOD service, Kartoon Channel!, and its SVOD distribution outlets, Kartoon Channel! Kidaverse, and Ameba TV. Advertising sales are generated in the form of either flat rate promotions or advertising impressions served. For flat rate promotions with a fixed term, revenue is recognized when all five revenue recognition criteria under ASC 606 are met. For impressions served, the Company delivers a certain minimum number of impressions on the channel to the advertiser for which the advertiser pays a contractual cost per mille impressions ("CPM"). Impressions served are reported on a monthly basis, and revenue is reported in the month the impressions are served. For subscription-based revenue, revenue is recognized when a customer downloads the mobile device application and their credit card is charged.
Upon the acquisition of Wow, the Company generates advertising revenue from Frederator’s owned and operated YouTube channels as well as revenues generated from the operation of its multi-channel network on YouTube. Revenue is recognized when services are provided in accordance with the Company’s agreement with YouTube, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection of the related receivable is probable. Receivables are usually collectable within 30 days.
Licensing & Royalties
Merchandising and licensing
The Company enters into merchandising and licensing agreements that allow licensees to produce merchandise utilizing certain of the Company’s intellectual property. For minimum guaranteed amounts that make up a contract, revenue is recognized over time, over the term of the license period commencing on the date at which the licensees can use and benefit from the licensed content. Variable consideration in excess of non-refundable guaranteed amounts, such as royalties and other contractual payments are recognized as revenue when the amounts are known and become due provided collectability is reasonably assured. Invoices are issued based on the contractual terms of an agreement and are usually payable within 30-45 days.
Product Sales
The Company recognizes revenue related to product sales when the Company completes its performance obligation, which is when the goods are transferred to the buyer.
Media Advisory & Advertising Services
Media and Advertising Services
The Company provides media and advertising services to clients. Revenue is recognized when the services are performed. When the Company purchases advertising for clients on linear and across digital and streaming platforms and receives a commission, the commissions are recognized as revenue in the month the advertising is displayed.
Gross Versus Net Revenue Presentation
The Company evaluates individual arrangements with third parties to determine whether the Company acts as principal or agent under the terms. To the extent that the Company acts as the principal in an arrangement, revenues are reported on a gross basis, resulting in revenues and expenses being classified in their respective financial statement line
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items. To the extent that the Company acts as the agent in an arrangement, revenues are reported on a net basis, resulting in revenues being presented net of any expenses incurred in providing agency services. Determining whether the Company acts as principal or agent is based on an evaluation of which party has substantial risks and rewards of ownership under the terms of an arrangement. The most significant factors that the Company considers include identification of the primary obligor, as well as which party has credit risk, general and inventory risk and the latitude or ability in establishing prices.
Direct Operating Costs
Direct operating costs include costs of the Company’s product sales, non-capitalizable film costs, film and television cost amortization expense, impairment expenses related to film and television costs, and participation expense related to agreements with various animation studios, post-production studios, writers, directors, musicians or other creative talent with which the Company is obligated to share net profits of the properties on which they have rendered services. Upon the acquisition of Wow, the Company also includes salaries and related service production employee costs as part of its direct operating costs.
Share-Based Compensation
The Company issues stock-based awards to employees and non-employees that are generally in the form of stock options or restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Share-based compensation cost is recorded for all options and awards based on the grant-date fair value of the award.
The fair value of stock options is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option pricing model, which requires management to make assumptions with respect to the fair value on the grant date. The assumptions are as follows: (i) the expected term assumption of the award is based on the Company’s historical exercise and post-vesting behavior (ii) the expected volatility assumption is based on historical and implied volatilities of the Company’s common stock calculated based on a period of time generally commensurate with the expected term of the award; (iii) the risk-free interest rates are based on the implied yield available on U.S. treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent expected term; (iv) and the expected dividend yields of the Company’s stock are based on history and expectations of future dividends payable. In the case of RSUs the fair value is calculated based on the Company’s underlying common stock on the date of grant.
The Company recognizes compensation expense over the requisite service period ratably, using the graded attribution method, which is in-substance, recognizing multiple awards based on the vesting schedule. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures when they occur. The Company issues authorized shares available for issuance under the Company’s 2015 Incentive Plan and the Company’s 2020 Incentive Plan upon employees’ exercise of their stock options.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs relate to the issuance of Wow’s Production Facilities and are recorded as a reduction to the carrying amount of debt and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the respective terms of the facilities. Debt issuance costs directly attributable to the acquisition or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Debt issuance costs as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were insignificant.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share of common stock (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, plus the assumed exercise of all dilutive securities using the treasury stock or “as converted” method, as appropriate. During periods of net loss, all common stock equivalents are excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they are antidilutive.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using presently enacted tax rates. At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates the available evidence about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred tax assets and records a
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valuation allowance that reduces the deferred tax assets to an amount that represents management’s best estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets that more likely than not will be realized.
Concentration of Risk
The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“FDIC”) or the Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“CDIC”) insured amounts. Balances on interest bearing deposits at banks in the United States are insured by the FDIC up to $250,000 per account and deposits in banks in Canada are insured by the CDIC up to $100,000 CAD. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had eleven and twelve bank deposit accounts with an aggregate uninsured balance of $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively.
The Company has a managed account and a brokerage account with a financial institution. The managed account maintains its investments in marketable securities of $69.7 million as of March 31, 2023. The brokerage account did not have a cash balance as of March 31, 2023. Assets in the managed account and brokerage account are protected by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”) up to $500,000 (with a limit of $250,000 for cash). In addition, the financial institution provides additional “excess of SIPC” coverage which insures up to $1.0 billion. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has not had account balances held at this financial institution that exceed the insured balances.
The Company’s investment portfolio consists of investment-grade securities diversified among security types, industries and issuers. The Company’s policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one security issue or issuer and the Company believes no significant concentration of credit risk exists with respect to these investments.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had three customers, whose total revenue exceeded 10% of total consolidated revenue. These customers accounted for 71.9% of total revenue. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had five customers whose total accounts receivable exceeded 10% of total accounts receivable. These customers accounted for 69.0% of the total accounts receivable as of March 31, 2023.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company had one customer whose total revenue exceeded 10% of the total consolidated revenue. This customer accounted for 13.3% of total revenue. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had two customers whose total accounts receivable exceeded 10% of total accounts receivable. These customers accounted for 26.1% of the total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022.
There is significant financial risk associated with a dependence upon a small number of customers. The Company periodically assesses the financial strength of these customers and establishes allowances for any anticipated bad debt.
Fair value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:
Level 1 - Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
The carrying amounts of cash, restricted cash, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities, bank indebtedness and the margin loan approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments. The Company used the fair values of the liability-classified derivative warrants revalued at the end of each reporting period determined using the BSM model (Level 2) with standard valuation inputs. Refer to Note 18 for additional details. The investment in YFE is also revalued at the end of each reporting period based on the trading price of YFE (Level 1). Refer to Note 5 for additional details. Upon the acquisition of Wow, foreign currency forward contracts that are not traded in active markets were assumed. These are
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fair valued using observable forward exchange rates at the measurement dates and interest rates corresponding to the maturity of the contracts (Level 2).
The fair values of the available-for-sale securities are generally based on quoted market prices, where available. These fair values are obtained primarily from third-party pricing services, which generally use Level 1 or Level 2 inputs for the determination of fair value to facilitate fair value measurements and disclosures. Level 2 securities primarily include corporate securities, securities from states, municipalities and political subdivisions, mortgage-backed securities, United States Government securities, foreign government securities, and certain other asset-backed securities. For securities not actively traded, the pricing services may use quoted market prices of comparable instruments or a variety of valuation techniques, incorporating inputs that are currently observable in the markets for similar securities.
The following table summarizes the marketable securities measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):
Level 1Level 2Total Fair Value
Marketable investments:
Corporate Bonds$31,552 $2,387 $33,939 
U.S. Treasury19,775  19,775 
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities 6,392 6,392 
U.S. states and municipalities 9,544 9,544 
Total$51,327 $18,323 $69,650 

Fair values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. The Company’s marketable securities are considered to be available-for-sale investments as defined under FASB ASC 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities. Neither an impairment or an allowance for credit loss was recorded for the marketable securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Refer to Note 6 for additional details.
Financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value when a significant event occurs and include the Company’s goodwill, intangible assets and film and television costs.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). ASU 2016-13 replaces the “incurred loss” credit losses framework with a new accounting standard that requires management's measurement of the allowance for credit losses to be based on a broader range of reasonable and supportable information for lifetime credit loss estimates. The new model, referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model, will apply to: (1) financial assets subject to credit losses and measured at amortized cost, and (2) certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. This includes, but is not limited to, loans, leases, held-to-maturity securities, loan commitments, and financial guarantees. The CECL model does not apply to available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities. For AFS debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to what they do today, except that the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. The ASU also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. ASU No. 2016-13 also expands the disclosure requirements regarding an entity’s assumptions, models, and methods for estimating the allowance for loan and lease losses. On October 16, 2019, the FASB approved a proposal to change the effective date of ASU No. 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, such as the Company, delaying the effective date to fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. Early adoption is permitted for interim and annual reporting periods. The Company has adopted the ASU as of January 1, 2023. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 6 for additional details.
Note 3: Acquisitions
The Company has determined that the following acquisition completed by the Company constitutes a business acquisition as defined by ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Accordingly, the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the transaction were recorded at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction costs
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associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred pursuant to the purchase method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. The Company’s purchase price allocations were based on an evaluation of the appropriate fair values and represent management's best estimate based on available data at the time of acquisition and during the one year period thereafter. Fair values were determined based on the requirements of ASC 820, Fair Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”).
Wow Unlimited Media
On April 6, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Wow. On October 26, 2021, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, 1326919 B.C. LTD., a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of British Columbia and Wow, entered into an Arrangement Agreement to effect a plan of arrangement under the arrangement provisions of Part 9, Division 5 of the Business Corporations Act. The Company purchased 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Wow, including Wow’s subsidiary Frederator. The plan of arrangement and final agreement, together with the acquisition of Wow’s Mainframe Studios and its subsidiary Frederator, are referred to as the “Wow Acquisition.”
The final consideration of $52.7 million, excluding transaction costs, was paid by the Company at closing. The consideration consisted of $38.3 million in cash, 1,105,708 shares of the Company’s common stock, including 69,126 Exchangeable Shares, with a fair value of $11.6 million, 240,952 options granted to employees of Wow, 196,753 of which with a fair value of $1.2 million, were previously vested and included in the purchase price and $1.6 million in severance and bonuses to executives.
Transaction costs relating to the Wow Acquisition of $4.5 million, including bank, legal and accounting fees, were expensed as part of General and Administrative expenses on the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 consolidated statement of operations. The Company will also expense the unvested replacement options, with a fair value of $0.3 million, as stock-based compensation expense over the remaining requisite service period specified in the agreements.
The Wow Acquisition facilitates the Company’s expansion as a global animation and children’s digital media company. With Wow’s content, ongoing production projects and the addition of two studios that can also be leveraged for in-house production of the Company’s properties, will drive cost synergies, facilitate further expansion into the global children’s entertainment market and strengthen financial growth. Frederator, with its owned and operated channels on YouTube, will provide a distribution platform to facilitate the global growth of Kartoon Channel!.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid (in thousands):

Amount
Cash$38,310 
Genius Common Stock Issued10,832 
Shares Issued Exchangeable for Genius Common Stock722 
Stock Option Value of Replacement Options- Pre- Combination Vested Options1,214 
Severance Payments 1,044 
Bonuses529 
Total$52,651 

The Company has completed and finalized the purchase price allocation as of December 31, 2022 and recorded the respective fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on April 6, 2022 as follows (in thousands):


Cash and cash equivalents$2,573 
Accounts Receivable34,237 
Other Receivable78 
Prepaid Expenses and Other1,245 
Property and Equipment1,936 
ROU Assets10,311 
IP (Productions in Progress)4,600 
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IP (Completed Productions)5,684 
Tradename7,630 
Customer Relationships16,064 
Networks and Platforms803 
Goodwill21,398 
Accounts Payable (1,547)
Participations Payable(1,380)
Bank Debt(1,475)
Accrued Liabilities(3,825)
Interim Production Facilities(16,930)
Deferred Revenue(18,080)
Lease Liabilities(10,614)
Other Liabilities(57)
Total Consideration
$52,651 

The identifiable intangible assets acquired of $34.8 million is comprised of $16.1 million for Customer Relationships, with remaining economic lives of 8 years, $10.3 million for IP Content including completed productions and productions in progress, that is included as part of Film and Television Costs, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and will be amortized as such, Tradenames for $7.6 million, with an indefinite life and Networks and Platforms of $0.8 million, with a remaining economic life of 16 years. The goodwill of $21.4 million arising from the acquisition consists largely of the synergies expected from the combined businesses, including the Company’s ability to produce its content in-house utilizing the acquired studios and expansion of the Kartoon Channel! platform. The goodwill was recorded to the Content Production & Distribution reporting unit and is not deductible for tax purposes.
The fair values of the acquired identifiable intangible assets as described above were determined using the following methods:
Valuation Methodology
The Networks and Platforms were valued by performing a discounted cash flow analysis, specifically the multi-period excess earnings method. This method involves quantifying the amount of residual (or excess) cash flows generated by the current digital network content, based primarily upon historical revenue and projections over its expected life, and considers the operating expenses and contributory asset charges associated with servicing such network. Projected cash flows attributable to the networks are discounted to present value at a rate commensurate with the perceived risk. The significant assumptions used in this model included the customer attrition rate, acquisition rate of new customers, weighted average cost of capital, and expense estimates. The useful life of the networks is estimated based primarily upon the present value of cash flows attributable to the digital network. The significant assumptions used in this method included the royalty rate and weighted average cost of capital.
The Tradenames were valued using the relief-from-royalty method. The relief-from-royalty method is one of the methods under the income approach wherein estimates of a company’s earnings attributable to the intangible asset are based on the royalty rate the company would have paid for the use of the asset if it did not own it. Royalty payments are estimated by applying a royalty rate to the prospective revenue attributable to the intangible asset. The resulting annual royalty payments are tax-affected and then discounted to present value.

Supplemental Pro Forma Information

The following supplemental unaudited pro forma information summarizes the Company’s results of operations as if the acquisitions were completed at the beginning of the periods presented (in thousands, except for share and per share data):

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Three Months Ended Three Months Ended
Genius Brands Consolidated
(including WOW Pre-Acquisition Results)
Wow Pre-Acquisition
March 31, 2023
March 31, 2022 (1)
March 31, 2022 (1)
Total Revenues$14,189 $19,517 $18,076 
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Genius Brands International, Inc.$(24,762)$(3,520)$1,011 
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock (Basic and Diluted)$(0.77)$(0.11)
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Basic and Diluted)31,978,33531,483,633

(1) The unaudited historical financial statements of Wow are not adjusted for conversion to U.S. GAAP from International Financial Reporting Standards, as the adjustments are immaterial to the periods presented.
Note 4: Variable Interest Entity
In July 2020, the Company entered into a binding term sheet with POW! Entertainment, LLC. (“POW”) in which we agreed to form an entity with POW to exploit certain rights in intellectual property created by Stan Lee, as well as the name and likeness of Stan Lee. The entity is called “Stan Lee Universe, LLC.” POW and the Company executed an Operating Agreement for the joint venture, effective as of June 1, 2021. The purpose of the acquisition was to enable the Company to assume the worldwide rights, in perpetuity, to the name, physical likeness, physical signature, live-action and animated motion picture, television, online, digital, publishing, comic book, merchandising and licensing rights to Stan Lee and over 100 original Stan Lee creations (the “Stan Lee Assets”), from which the Company plans to develop and license multiple properties each year.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, SLU generated $0.1 million in net income. The Company's net investment as of March 31, 2023 of $0.8 million, remained the same as compared to December 31, 2022. There were no changes in facts and circumstances that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that would result in a re-evaluation of the VIE assessment.
Note 5: Investment in Equity Interest
As of March 31, 2023, the Company owned 6,857,132 shares of YFE. At the time of the initial investment in 2021, it was determined that based on the Company's 28.69% ownership in YFE, the Company had significant influence over the entity. Therefore, under the equity method of accounting, the Company elected to account for the investment at fair value under the fair value option. Under the fair value option, the investment is remeasured and recorded at fair value each reporting period, with the change recorded through earnings. As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the investment was determined to be $15.7 million recorded within noncurrent assets on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value as of March 31, 2023 decreased $0.6 million, as compared to December 31, 2022. The decrease is comprised of the net impact of a decrease in YFE's stock price, resulting in a loss in fair value of $0.9 million and the effect of remeasuring the investment balance from the EURO to USD, resulting in a gain of $0.3 million. The total change in fair value is recorded within Other Income (Expense) on the Company's condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company's ownership in YFE was 44.8%.
Note 6: Marketable Securities
The Company classifies and accounts for its marketable debt securities as AFS and the securities are stated at fair value. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), which replaced the legacy GAAP other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) model with a credit loss model. The credit loss model applicable to AFS debt securities require the recognition of credit losses through an allowance account but retains the concept from the OTTI model that credit losses are recognized once securities become impaired. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
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The investments in marketable securities had an adjusted cost basis of $73.9 million and a market value of $69.7 million as of March 31, 2023. The balances consisted of the following securities (in thousands):
Adjusted CostUnrealized Gain/(Loss) Fair Value
Corporate Bonds$35,901 $(1,962)$33,939 
U.S. Treasury20,816 (1,041)19,775 
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities6,898 (506)6,392 
U.S. states and municipalities10,283 (739)9,544 
Total$73,898 $(4,248)$69,650 
The investments in marketable securities as of December 31, 2022 had an adjusted cost basis of $90.3 million and a market value of $83.7 million. The balances consisted of the following securities (in thousands):

Adjusted CostUnrealized Gain/(Loss) Fair Value
Corporate Bonds$40,823 $(2,579)$38,244 
U.S. Treasury20,869 (1,313)19,556 
Mortgage-Backed5,980 (606)5,374 
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities10,781 (1,221)9,560 
U.S. states and municipalities11,801 (895)10,906 
Asset-Backed67 (1)66 
Total$90,321 $(6,615)$83,706 

The Company holds sixty-eight AFS securities, all of which are in an unrealized loss position and have been in an unrealized loss position for a period greater than twelve months as of March 31, 2023. The AFS securities held by the Company as of December 31, 2022 have also been in an unrealized loss position for a period greater than twelve months. The Company reported the net unrealized losses in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, a component of stockholders' equity. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no allowance for credit loss impairment has been recognized as the issuers of these securities have not established a cause for default and various rating agencies have reaffirmed each security's investment grade status. The fair value of these securities has fluctuated since the purchase date as market interest rates fluctuate. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell before the recovery of the securities' amortized cost basis.
Realized losses of $1.5 million were recognized in earnings during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The realized losses were primarily due to the sale of certain mortgage and asset-backed securities prior to their maturities to prevent further losses on the securities due to market conditions during the quarter. Realized losses of $0.1 million were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to prepayments of principal on certain mortgage-backed securities.
The contractual maturities of the Company’s marketable investments as of March 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value
Due within 1 year$16,240 
Due after 1 year through 5 years53,410 
Total$69,650 
The Company may sell certain of its marketable debt securities prior to their stated maturities for reasons including, but not limited to, managing liquidity, credit risk, duration and asset allocation.

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Note 7: Property and Equipment, Net
The Company has property and equipment as follows (in thousands):
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Furniture and Equipment$180 $224 
Computer Equipment213 315 
Leasehold Improvements2,258 2,273 
Software163 263 
Production Equipment 23 
Property and Equipment, Gross2,814 3,098 
Less Accumulated Depreciation(471)(530)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment(168)(168)
Property and Equipment, Net$2,175 $2,400